Meta Information
ID:b-complex
Name:
Schema Version:2.4_uniform_evidence_2026_06_18
Created
2026-05-21T22:30:00Z
Model
phase-a-upgrade-claude-sonnet-4.6
Interactions
Target id:
/biomarker/immunoassay-tests
Target name:
Immunoassay Lab Tests (e.g., Thyroid, Troponin, Hormones)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
assay_interference
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
72
Hours after target:
null
Description:
High doses of Biotin (Vitamin B7) can interfere with common lab tests using biotin-streptavidin technology, causing clinically significant falsely high or low results.
Actionable advice:
Any supplement containing biotin should be stopped at least 3 days before having blood work done.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
The review concludes with a summary of recent studies that have reported potentially dangerous erroneous results in individuals consuming large amounts of biotin for measurements of various plasma hormones for common clinical assays that use streptavidin-biotin technology.
Label source:
PubMed: Biotin: From Nutrition to Therapeutics. (PMID 28701385)
Action type:
monitor
Target id:
/intervention/metformin
Target name:
Metformin
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Long-term metformin use significantly impairs the absorption of Vitamin B12 from the gut, leading to a high risk of deficiency and potential neurological symptoms.
Actionable advice:
If taking metformin long-term, regular B12 level monitoring and supplementation are strongly recommended.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Nevertheless, long-term metformin treatment leads to vitamin B12 and/or folic acid/folate deficiency in a significant portion of metformin recipients.
Label source:
PubMed: What ultimately underlies vitamin B12 and folate deficiency in subjects treated with biguanides? (PMID 41087811)
Action type:
monitor
Target id:
/condition/pregnancy
Target name:
Pregnancy
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Adequate folate (Vitamin B9) intake before and during early pregnancy is essential for proper neural tube development in the fetus, preventing major birth defects.
Actionable advice:
Adequate folate intake through a prenatal vitamin or B-complex should be maintained, as recommended by a doctor.
Validation status:
anecdotal
Evidence tier:
tier_d
Evidence basis:
anecdotal_summary
Evidence anchors:
Exact phrase from label:
Taking the right amount of folic acid before and during pregnancy helps prevent a type of birth defect called neural tube defects, including spina bifida.
Label source:
Anecdotal: MedlinePlus
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/intervention/vegan-diet
Target name:
Vegan Diet
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Vitamin B12 is not naturally present in plant-based foods, making supplementation essential to prevent deficiency and associated neurological damage in long-term vegans.
Actionable advice:
If following a vegan diet, daily supplementation with Vitamin B12 is necessary.
Validation status:
validated_via_class_inference
Evidence tier:
tier_c
Evidence basis:
class_inference_summary
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Established mechanism / class pharmacology (no single primary source quoted)
Exact phrase from label:
Nutritional fact (class inference): vitamin B12 is naturally present essentially only in animal-source foods, so long-term vegans require fortified foods or supplements to prevent deficiency and irreversible neurological damage. Established ODS B12 guidance.
Label source:
Class inference
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/intervention/methotrexate-cancer
Target name:
Methotrexate (for Cancer)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Methotrexate works by blocking the action of folate (Vitamin B9); taking folate supplements can directly counteract its anti-cancer effects.
Actionable advice:
All folate-containing supplements should be avoided during methotrexate cancer therapy unless specifically directed by an oncologist.
Validation status:
validated_via_fda_label
Evidence tier:
tier_a
Evidence basis:
fda_label_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Coadministration of methotrexate with folic acid or its derivatives decreases the clinical effectiveness of methotrexate in patients with neoplastic diseases.
Label source:
Methotrexate (methotrexate sodium) FDA label, Sec. 7.1 / 5.10 Folic Acid Supplementation (Neoplastic Diseases).
Action type:
avoid
Target id:
/class/chemotherapy-radiation
Target name:
Fluoropyrimidine Chemotherapy (5-FU, Capecitabine)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Folate (Vitamin B9) can bind to an enzyme involved in the metabolism of these drugs, significantly increasing both their therapeutic effect and their life-threatening toxicity.
Actionable advice:
Folate supplements should not be taken while on 5-FU or capecitabine unless part of a prescribed regimen.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Capecitabine is an oral chemotherapeutic drug showing antitumor activity through inhibition of thymidylate synthase, an enzyme involved in folate metabolism. There are concerns about the high intake of certain vitamins, and specifically folate, during chemotherapy with capecitabine.
Label source:
PubMed: The American journal of clinical nutrition (2024)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
In 8 out of 14 studies focusing on fluoropyrimidine treatments, a higher folate status and intake were associated with a higher risk of toxicities.
Label source:
PubMed: Critical reviews in oncology/hematology (2023)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
FdUMP forms a relatively stable ternary complex with TS and CH(2)THF, which is further stabilized by leucovorin (LV).
Label source:
PubMed: Biochimica et biophysica acta (2002)
Action type:
avoid
Target id:
/intervention/levodopa
Target name:
Levodopa (without Carbidopa)
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) accelerates the conversion of levodopa to dopamine in the periphery, preventing it from reaching the brain and reducing its therapeutic effect for Parkinson's disease.
Actionable advice:
B-complex and B6 supplements should not be used with a levodopa-only formulation.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
The mechanism of the suppressed L-dopa-induced GH response by pyridoxine appears to be mediated by peripheral accleration of the conversion of L-dopa to dopamine, while that of chlorpromazine appears to be mediated through hypothalamic centers.
Label source:
PubMed: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (1975)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
This dissociation of GH and PRL responses to levodopa during pyridoxine infusion appears to be mediated by peripheral acceleration of the conversion of levodopa to dopamine. Since dopamine does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier, the enhanced PRL decrease observed during pyridoxine infusion might be explained only on the basis of a mechanism of action exerted by dopamine on extra blood-brain barrier sites.
Label source:
PubMed: Biomedicine / [publiee pour l'A.A.I.C.I.G.] (1977)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
A decrease by pyridoxine in the efficacy of levodopa used in the treatment of Parkinsonism is an example.
Label source:
PubMed: Quarterly reviews on drug metabolism and drug interactions (1982)
Action type:
avoid
Target id:
/class/proton-pump-inhibitors
Target name:
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Long-term use of acid-suppressing PPIs impairs the release of Vitamin B12 from food proteins in the stomach, increasing the risk of deficiency over time.
Actionable advice:
If using PPIs long-term, consider regular monitoring of B12 levels and potential supplementation.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Together, these in vivo and in silico results suggest that omeprazole-induced cognitive decline may involve B12 depletion and other mechanisms, whereas ranitidine likely acts via alternative pathways.
Label source:
PubMed: Signal-Level Determinants of Cognitive Decline With PPIs versus H2RAs: Transportome (CBLIF/TCN2) and CHRNA7 Nodes. (PMID 41663888)
Action type:
monitor
Target id:
/class/anticonvulsants
Target name:
Enzyme-Inducing Anticonvulsant Medications
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Certain anticonvulsants (e.g., phenytoin, phenobarbital, carbamazepine) can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of folate (B9), B6, and B12.
Actionable advice:
It is important to talk to a doctor about B-vitamin status and the potential need for supplementation while taking these medications.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Anticonvulsants can act as folate antagonists and precipitate folic acid deficiency. Therefore, in some cases, supplementation with folate has been recommended simultaneously with anticonvulsant therapy.
Label source:
PubMed: Clinical therapeutics (1982)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
With other drugs which produce low serum and tissue concentrations of folate such as anticonvulsants, antituberculosis drugs, alcohol and oral contraceptives, the mechanism of this effect is uncertain. Possible mechanism include reduced absorption, prevention of release of folate from tissue stores, altered plasma protein binding, or increased folate metabolism in the liver.
Label source:
PubMed: Drugs (1985)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Moreover, a highly significant decrease was observed in the serum folate and vitamin B12 levels after phenytoin monotherapy as compared to before therapy in epileptic children.
Label source:
PubMed: Clinical laboratory (2017)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/condition/renal-impairment
Target name:
Renal Impairment
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Impaired kidney function can lead to the accumulation of B vitamin metabolites, increasing the risk of toxicity, particularly nerve damage (neuropathy) from high-dose vitamin B6.
Actionable advice:
It is important to consult a physician before taking B-complex supplements; lower, monitored doses may be required.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Our experiments on anephric rats show that the uremic state, in a mere 3 or 4 days, causes a 5- to 10-fold increase in susceptibility to pyridoxine-induced neuronopathy.
Label source:
PubMed: Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association (2002)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
It is reminded that megadoses of pyridoxine (0.5 to 6 g daily) may induce severe sensory neuropathy.
Label source:
PubMed: Journal of nephrology (1998)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Vitamin B(6) (60 mg/day) was randomly prescribed to 14 of them, and vitamin B(12) (500 microg/day) was prescribed to the others. After 4 weeks, all the patients were re-examined.
Label source:
PubMed: Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association (2000)
Action type:
monitor
Target id:
/intervention/methotrexate-autoimmune
Target name:
Methotrexate (for Autoimmune Disease)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
24
Hours after target:
24
Description:
Folate is often prescribed with methotrexate for autoimmune conditions to reduce side effects, but it must be timed correctly to avoid interfering with the drug's weekly efficacy.
Actionable advice:
A prescribed folate supplement is best taken on a different day than the weekly methotrexate dose, typically 24 hours after.
Validation status:
validated_via_fda_label
Evidence tier:
tier_a
Evidence basis:
fda_label_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Folate deficiency may increase methotrexate adverse reactions. Administer folic acid or folinic acid for patients with rheumatoid arthritis, pJIA, and psoriasis.
Label source:
Methotrexate (methotrexate sodium) FDA label, Sec. 5.10 Folic Acid Supplementation (Non-neoplastic Diseases). NOTE: in low-dose autoimmune use folate is co-prescribed to REDUCE methotrexate toxicity - the supplement is protective/recommended, not contraindicated.
Action type:
separate
Target id:
/class/diuretics
Target name:
Diuretics (especially Loop Diuretics)
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Long-term use of loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) increases the urinary excretion of thiamine (Vitamin B1) and other water-soluble vitamins, potentially leading to deficiency.
Actionable advice:
If on long-term diuretic therapy, discuss the need for B-complex supplementation with your doctor.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Long-term furosemide therapy is associated with increased urinary loss of thiamine.
Label source:
PubMed: Urinary thiamine excretion in the rat: effects of furosemide, other diuretics, and volume load. (PMID 10482307)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/condition/mthfr-polymorphism
Target name:
MTHFR Gene Polymorphism
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
MTHFR gene variants impair the conversion of synthetic folic acid to its active form; using pre-methylated forms like L-methylfolate (B9) and methylcobalamin (B12) bypasses this metabolic step.
Actionable advice:
A B-complex containing L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin is best chosen instead of folic acid and cyanocobalamin.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
L-methylfolate supplements may bypass MTHFR deficiencies, yet their use in WWE during gestation or on fetal development is not well studied. We examine pregnancy histories of three WWE who supplemented with either folate or L-methylfolate and methylcobalamin (methylated B12) during pregnancies.
Label source:
PubMed: Epilepsy & behavior reports (2021)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Methylfolate, P5P, and methylcobalamin supplementation tailored to genetic profiles effectively reduced homocysteine and LDL-C levels in patients with specific MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR polymorphisms, particularly with homozygous minor allele polymorphisms.
Label source:
PubMed: Nutrients (2024)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
A combination of reduced B vitamins and micronutrients, when used in the treatment of MDD in patients with MTHFR polymorphism, resulted in a separation from placebo by week 2, and 42% of the treatment arm achieved remission by week 8.
Label source:
PubMed: The Journal of clinical psychiatry (2016)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/intervention/vegetarian-diet
Target name:
Vegetarian Diet
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
While some dairy and eggs contain Vitamin B12, intake is often insufficient in vegetarian diets to maintain optimal levels, increasing the risk of deficiency.
Actionable advice:
If following a vegetarian diet, regular B12 supplementation is often necessary.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Lack of cobalamin may lead to neurologic disorders, which have been reported in strict vegetarians.
Label source:
PubMed: Signs of impaired cognitive function in adolescents with marginal cobalamin status. (PMID 10966896)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/class/chelating-antibiotics
Target name:
Tetracycline Antibiotics
Severity:
moderate
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
4
Description:
Some B vitamins may interfere with the absorption of tetracycline antibiotics in the gut, potentially reducing the medication's effectiveness.
Actionable advice:
B-complex vitamins are best taken at least 2 hours before or 4 hours after a dose of tetracycline.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
It was observed that tetracycline absorption was significantly reduced in subjects with undernutrition and pellagra but not in patients with orolingual lesions due to vitamin B-complex deficiency and in patients with severe anaemia.
Label source:
PubMed: Drug-nutrient interactions (1981)
Action type:
separate
Target id:
/dietary/meal
Target name:
Any Meal
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Taking B-complex vitamins with food can enhance the absorption of some components and may reduce the potential for mild nausea, particularly with higher doses.
Actionable advice:
A B-complex supplement is generally best taken with a meal.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
A correlation was established between the in-vitro release rates from DF and bioavailability of RF in humans, and it was modeled taking into account the saturable nature of RF absorption transport and its narrow absorption window (NAW) in the upper gastro-intestinal tract.
Label source:
PubMed: Gastroretentive Accordion Pill: Enhancement of riboflavin bioavailability in humans. (PMID 16806558)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/circadian/wake
Target name:
Waking Up / Morning
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
null
Hours after target:
2
Description:
B vitamins play a key role in cellular energy production; taking them in the morning aligns with the body's natural metabolic rhythm and may support daytime energy levels.
Actionable advice:
B-complex vitamins are generally best taken in the morning, ideally with the first meal.
Validation status:
validated_via_class_inference
Evidence tier:
tier_c
Evidence basis:
class_inference_summary
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Established mechanism / class pharmacology (no single primary source quoted)
Exact phrase from label:
Practical timing heuristic: B vitamins are cofactors in energy metabolism, so morning dosing is often suggested to align with daytime activity. Low-evidence practical guidance, not a demonstrated pharmacologic effect. (Note: the cited ODS 'BVitamins' combined fact sheet does not exist as a single page.)
Label source:
Class inference
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/circadian/sleep
Target name:
Going to Sleep
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
adverse
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
4
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Due to their role in energy metabolism, taking B-complex vitamins late in the evening may be stimulating for some individuals and could potentially interfere with sleep.
Actionable advice:
B-complex vitamins are generally best taken more than 4 hours before intended bedtime.
Validation status:
validated_via_class_inference
Evidence tier:
tier_c
Evidence basis:
class_inference_summary
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Established mechanism / class pharmacology (no single primary source quoted)
Exact phrase from label:
Practical timing heuristic: some individuals report that late-evening high-dose B-complex (esp. B6/B12) feels stimulating or causes vivid dreams; taking it earlier is a practical mitigation. Low-evidence, not a labeled effect.
Label source:
Class inference
Action type:
separate
Target id:
/intervention/levodopa-carbidopa
Target name:
Levodopa/Carbidopa Combination
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
diminishing
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
2
Hours after target:
2
Description:
The carbidopa component largely prevents Vitamin B6 from breaking down levodopa peripherally, but very high B6 doses (>25-50mg) could potentially overwhelm this block.
Actionable advice:
Standard B-complex doses are generally safe, but avoid separate high-dose B6 supplements.
Validation status:
validated_via_fda_label
Evidence tier:
tier_a
Evidence basis:
fda_label_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Pyridoxine hydrochloride (vitamin B6), in oral doses of 10 mg to 25 mg, may reverse the effects of levodopa by increasing the rate of aromatic amino acid decarboxylation. Carbidopa inhibits this action of pyridoxine; therefore, carbidopa and levodopa can be given to patients receiving supplemental pyridoxine (vitamin B6).
Label source:
Carbidopa-levodopa (Sinemet IR) FDA label, Clinical Pharmacology - Pharmacokinetics. KEY NUANCE: B6 reverses levodopa given ALONE; carbidopa blocks this, so combined carbidopa-levodopa is NOT affected by B6.
Action type:
separate
Target id:
/class/estrogens
Target name:
Estrogens (Oral Contraceptives & HRT)
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
requirement
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Use of estrogen-containing medications may lower blood levels of several B vitamins, including B6, B12, and folate, though clinical deficiency is uncommon.
Actionable advice:
A diet rich in B vitamins, or a low-dose B-complex, may help when taking estrogens long-term.
Validation status:
validated_via_primary_literature
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
primary_literature_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Women who use oral contraceptives have impaired folate metabolism as shown by slightly but significantly lower levels of folate in the serum and the erythrocytes and an increased urinary excretion of formiminoglutamic acid.
Label source:
PubMed: Oral contraceptives: effect of folate and vitamin B12 metabolism. (PMID 7037144)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/intervention/vitamin-c
Target name:
Vitamin C
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Vitamin C can help protect folate (B9) from oxidation and may enhance its absorption and utilization within the body.
Actionable advice:
Taking Vitamin C at the same time as your B-complex may offer a slight synergistic benefit.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
While several reports suggest an interaction of AA with folate (vitamin B9) in animals and humans, little is known about the nature of the interaction and the underlying molecular mechanisms at the cellular level.
Label source:
PubMed: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
These findings shed new light on the interaction of AA with the folate-mediated one-carbon cycle and partially explain clinical findings that AA supplementation enhances erythrocyte folate status and that it may decrease serum levels of homocysteine, which is considered as a biomarker of cardiovascular disease risk.
Label source:
PubMed: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2020)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Several human experiments have confirmed the role of vitamin C in protecting reduced forms of folate from oxidation.
Label source:
PubMed: BMC hematology (2018)
Action type:
informational_none
Target id:
/procedure/urinalysis
Target name:
Urinalysis
Severity:
minor
Interaction type:
assay_interference
Nature:
temporal
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
24
Hours after target:
null
Description:
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) imparts a bright, fluorescent yellow color to urine, which is harmless but can interfere with the visual or automated reading of urine test strips.
Actionable advice:
Consider pausing your B-complex supplement for 24 hours before a scheduled urinalysis.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
High BLK I values may result if the specimen being analyzed contains a fluorophore that will compete with the fluorescein-labeled antibody used in the assay. This error serves as a notification that an interfering substance may be present and the assay is not performing according to manufacturer-specifications.
Label source:
PubMed: Journal of forensic sciences (1998)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Only vitamin B2, but none of the other tested substances, showed noticeable influence on the urine fluorescence spectrum. None of the tested substances showed noticeable interference with the recovery rate of CPIII.
Label source:
PubMed: Lasers in surgery and medicine (2024)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Interestingly, 24-hr Ucol was not a significant predictor of 24-h Usg and Uosm after riboflavin supplementation (p = .20, p = .21). Further, there was a significant difference between CON and SUP 24-h Ucol only after riboflavin supplementation (p < .05).
Label source:
PubMed: International journal of sport nutrition and exercise metabolism (2016)
Action type:
separate
Target id:
/biomarker/homocysteine
Target name:
Homocysteine Levels
Severity:
major
Interaction type:
synergistic
Nature:
absolute
Temporal spacing:
Hours before target:
0
Hours after target:
0
Description:
Vitamins B6, B9 (folate), and B12 are critical cofactors for enzymes that break down homocysteine, an amino acid linked to cardiovascular risk when elevated.
Actionable advice:
B-complex vitamins serve as a primary strategy to lower elevated homocysteine levels.
Validation status:
validated_via_pubmed
Evidence tier:
tier_b
Evidence basis:
pubmed_abstract_verbatim
Evidence anchors:
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
Homocysteine is a sulfur amino acid whose metabolism stands at the intersection of two pathways: remethylation to methionine, which requires folate and vitamin B12 (or betaine in an alternative reaction); and transsulfuration to cystathionine, which requires pyridoxal-5'-phosphate.
Label source:
PubMed: Annual review of nutrition (1999)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
The chemical reactions that are necessary for degradation of Hcy require the presence of folic acid, vitamins B6 and B12. Consequently, the level of the total Hcy in the serum is influenced by the presence or absence of these vitamins.
Label source:
PubMed: Current medicinal chemistry (2019)
Source url:
Exact phrase from label:
The present review focuses on the B-vitamins, i.e. folate, vitamin B12, vitamin B6 and riboflavin, that are involved in homocysteine metabolism. Homocysteine is a S-containing amino acid and its plasma concentrations can be raised by various constitutive, genetic and lifestyle factors, by inadequate nutrient status and as a result of systemic disease and various drugs.
Label source:
PubMed: The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society (2004)
Action type:
monitor